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The Type UB I was a class of small coastal submarines (U-boats) built in Germany at the beginning of the First World War. 20 boats were constructed, most of which went into service with the German Imperial Navy.〔((ドイツ語:Kaiserliche Marine))〕 Boats of this design were also operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy (Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine ''or'' K.u.K. Kriegsmarine) and the Bulgarian Navy. The group is sometimes known as the ''UB-1'' class after , the class leader. In the Austro-Hungarian Navy, it was called the . Built to meet the need for small maneuverable submarines able to operate in the narrow, shallow seas off Flanders, the vessels were intended to be quickly constructed, then shipped by rail and assembled at their port of operation. The design effort began in mid-August 1914 and by mid-October the first 15 boats were ordered from two German shipyards. The German Imperial Navy subsequently ordered an additional pair of boats to replace two sold to Austria-Hungary, who ordered a further three boats in April 1915. A total of 20 UB Is were built. Construction of the first boats for Germany began in early November 1914; all 20 were completed by October 1915. Several of the first boats underwent trials in German home waters, but the rest were assembled and tested at either Antwerp or Pola. The German boats operated primarily in the Flanders, Baltic, and Constantinople Flotillas. The boats were about long and displaced when surfaced and while submerged. All had two bow torpedo tubes and two torpedoes, and were equipped with a deck-mounted machine gun. In 1918 four of the surviving German boats were converted into coastal minelayers. Of the seventeen boats in German service, two were sold to Austria-Hungary, one was sold to Bulgaria, and nine were lost during the war. One of the five Austro-Hungarian boats was sunk and another mined and not repaired. The five surviving German boats, the four surviving Austro-Hungarian boats, and the Bulgarian boat were all turned over to the Allies after the end of the war and were broken up. == Design == In the earliest stages of the First World War the German Army's rapid advance along the North Sea coast found the German Imperial Navy without submarines suitable to operate in the narrow and shallow seas off Flanders.〔Miller, pp. 46–47.〕〔Karau, p. 48.〕 By 18 August 1914, two weeks after the German invasion of Belgium, the planning of a series of small coastal submarines had already begun.〔 The German Imperial Navy stipulated that the submarines must be transportable by rail, which imposed a maximum diameter of . The rushed planning effort〔—which had been assigned the name "Project 34"—resulted in the Type UB I design, created specifically for operation from Flanders. The boats were to be about long and to displace about with two bow torpedo tubes.〔〔A further refinement of the design—replacing the torpedo tubes with mine chutes but changing little else—led to the Type UC I coastal minelaying submarine. Miller, p. 458.〕 Boats of the Type UB I design were built by two manufacturers, Germaniawerft of Kiel and AG Weser of Bremen,〔Williamson, p. 12.〕 which led to some variations in boats from the two shipyards. The eight Germaniawerft-built boats were slightly longer at length overall, while the twelve Weser-built boats came in shorter than their counterparts. All were abeam and had a draft of .〔 The boats all displaced while surfaced, but differed slightly in displacement submerged. The slightly longer Germaniawerft boats displaced while submerged, as they weighed more than the Weser boats.〔 The drivetrain of the boats consisted of a single propeller shaft driven by a Daimler (Germaniawerft) or Körting (Weser) diesel engine on the surface, or a Siemens-Schuckert electric motor for underwater travel.〔 The Weser boats were capable of nearly on the surface and a little more than submerged. The Germaniawerft boats were about slower than their Bremen-made counterparts.〔 The boats were equipped with two bow torpedo tubes and carried two torpedoes.〔 They were also armed with a single machine gun affixed to the deck.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「German Type UB I submarine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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